Health and safety
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LTP and protein Z have been identified as the main beer allergens.[1]
Reactions to LTP appear to be more common in the Mediterranean area [44], with clinical cross-reactivity being described between foods and pollens. However, although less common in birch-endemic areas, clinical reactivity to LTP is still important in some patients, for example, Flinterman et al. [45]. Clinically, there are thus similarities with the North European pollen/fruit syndrome, but this Southern Europe variant is clinically more severe, not prevented by cooking, and due to different protein cross-reactivities.[2]
During the kettle boil, LTP1 is irreversibly denatured, which substantially reduces its immuno-reactivity to the barley LTP1 antibodies.[3]
References
- ↑ Gorjanović S, Sužnjević D, Beljanski M, et al. Effects of lipid-transfer protein from malting barley grain on brewers yeast fermentation. J Inst Brew. 2004;110(4):297–302.
- ↑ Unsworth DJ, Lock RJ. Chapter 6: Food Allergy Testing. In: Makowski GS, ed. Advances in Clinical Chemistry. Vol 65. Elsevier; 2014:173–198.
- ↑ Evans DE, Bamforth CW. Beer foam: achieving a suitable head. In: Beer: A Quality Perspective. Academic Press; 2009:1−60.