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 ====Sulfite at Packaging====
-Sulfite may be added when packaging to help delay oxidation during aging/storage.<ref name="Guido"/><ref>Siqueira, PB, et al. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/49599952_O_PROCESSO_DE_FABRICACAO_DA_CERVEJA_E_SEUS_EFEITOS_NA_PRESENCA_DE_POLIFENOIS "O Processo De Fabricação Da Cerveja E Seus Efeitos Na Presença De Polifenóis (The Beer Manufacturing Process And Its Effects On The Presence Of Polyphenols)"] ''Alimentos e Nutrição Araraquara'', vol. 19, no. 4, 2008, pp. 491-498.</ref> Generally, up to 200ppm can be used.<ref name="Kunze">Kunze, Wolfgang. ''Technology Brewing & Malting.'' Edited by Olaf Hendel, 6th English Ed., VBL Berlin, 2019. p. 509.</ref> It can be used regardless of whether a low-oxygen process of wort production is utilized. Anecdotes suggest that sulfite may even be used when bottle conditioning without any ill effects.<ref>Huolihan, Jake. [http://brulosophy.com/2019/02/11/post-fermentation-oxidation-the-impact-adding-sodium-metabisulfite-at-packaging-has-on-beer-exbeeriment-results/ "Post-Fermentation Oxidation: The Impact Adding Sodium Metabisulfite at Packaging has on Beer."] Brulosophy. 2019</ref> However, other home brewers have noted the formation of an off flavor [[hydrogen sulfide]].<ref>[https://www.homebrewtalk.com/threads/sodium-metabisulfite.682874/ Sodium metabisulfite.] HomebrewTalk forum. 2020. Accessed July 2020.</ref><ref>http://brulosophy.com/2020/04/06/impact-higher-dosage-rates-of-sodium-metabisulfite-smb-have-on-beer-character-exbeeriment-results/</ref><ref>https://www.homebrewtalk.com/threads/perceived-flavor-threshold-sodium-metabisulfite-smb-and-potassium-metabisulfite-campden.670439/page-2#post-8908000</ref> Sulfite at packaging is rarely used by home brewers, so experience is limited.
+Sulfite may be added when packaging to help delay oxidation during aging/storage.<ref name="Guido"/><ref>Siqueira, PB, et al. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/49599952_O_PROCESSO_DE_FABRICACAO_DA_CERVEJA_E_SEUS_EFEITOS_NA_PRESENCA_DE_POLIFENOIS "O Processo De Fabricação Da Cerveja E Seus Efeitos Na Presença De Polifenóis (The Beer Manufacturing Process And Its Effects On The Presence Of Polyphenols)"] ''Alimentos e Nutrição Araraquara'', vol. 19, no. 4, 2008, pp. 491-498.</ref> Generally, up to 200ppm can be used.<ref name="Kunze">Kunze, Wolfgang. ''Technology Brewing & Malting.'' Edited by Olaf Hendel, 6th English Ed., VBL Berlin, 2019. p. 509.</ref> It can be used regardless of whether a low-oxygen process of wort production is utilized. Anecdotes suggest that sulfite may even be used when bottle conditioning without any ill effects.<ref>Huolihan, Jake. [http://brulosophy.com/2019/02/11/post-fermentation-oxidation-the-impact-adding-sodium-metabisulfite-at-packaging-has-on-beer-exbeeriment-results/ "Post-Fermentation Oxidation: The Impact Adding Sodium Metabisulfite at Packaging has on Beer."] Brulosophy. 2019</ref> However, other home brewers have noted the formation of an off flavor [[hydrogen sulfide]].<ref>[https://www.homebrewtalk.com/threads/sodium-metabisulfite.682874/ Sodium metabisulfite.] HomebrewTalk forum. 2020. Accessed July 2020.</ref><ref>http://brulosophy.com/2020/04/06/impact-higher-dosage-rates-of-sodium-metabisulfite-smb-have-on-beer-character-exbeeriment-results/</ref><ref>https://www.homebrewtalk.com/threads/perceived-flavor-threshold-sodium-metabisulfite-smb-and-potassium-metabisulfite-campden.670439/page-2#post-8908000</ref><ref>https://www.homebrewtalk.com/threads/sulfur-flavor-in-beer.698775/</ref> Sulfite at packaging is rarely used by home brewers, so experience is limited.
 It is well known that sulfite is the direct precursor to hydrogen sulfide, and active yeast are known to create the sulfide in the presence of sulfite. (See [[hydrogen sulfide]] for more information.) Given the mixed results experienced by home brewers and the science to understand why, we do not recommend adding sulfite to beer at packaging. Spunding is a better alternative to reducing oxygen exposure, and it is mutually exclusive with adding sulfite at packaging.