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The earliest written account of brewing dates from Mesopotamian times [1]. However, our | |||
understanding of the connection with yeast is relatively recent, starting with Leeuwenhoek’s | |||
microscope observations in the 17th century followed by the work of Lavoisier, Gay-Lussac, Schwann | |||
and others during the 18th and 19th centuries. It was not until the late 19th century that Pasteur | |||
demonstrated that fermented beverages result from the action of living yeast’s transformation of | |||
glucose (and other sugars) into ethanol [2–4]. Since then, our knowledge has expanded exponentially, | |||
particularly with the development of molecular biology techniques [5].<ref>Hill AE, Stewart GG. [https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/5/1/22/pdf Free amino nitrogen in brewing.] ''Fermentation.'' 2019;5(1).</ref> | |||
"Fermentation is life without oxygen." –Louis Pasteur, 1876 | "Fermentation is life without oxygen." –Louis Pasteur, 1876 | ||
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*https://sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02472.x | *https://sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02472.x | ||
*https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jib.145 | *https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jib.145 | ||
*[https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/6/4/116 Novel Non-Cerevisiae Saccharomyces Yeast Species Used in Beer and Alcoholic Beverage Fermentations] | |||
==References== | ==References== |